最近在项目中需要Excel导出，有多个Sheet页，每个Sheet页的内容比较多，且不是规整的表格，绑定值是个比较麻烦的事，便考虑直接将HTML转换为Excel文件进行导出。

一、使用JS方法将HTML导出为Excel

原理就是获取需要导出到Excel的HTML代码，然后利用JS方法进行导出。此代码可以兼容IE8及主流浏览器，但是不支持多个Sheet页的导出，在IE8下也不能自定义Sheet页的名字。

                        导出                                    

//jQuery HTML导出Excel文件(兼容IE及所有浏览器)        function HtmlExportToExcel(tableid) {            var filename = $('#divTitle').text();            var sheetName = "已开展工作情况";            if (getExplorer() == 'ie' || getExplorer() == undefined) {                HtmlExportToExcelForIE(tableid, filename,sheetName);            }            else {                HtmlExportToExcelForEntire(tableid, filename,sheetName)            }        }        //IE浏览器导出Excel        function HtmlExportToExcelForIE(tableid, filename,sheetName) {            try {                var winname = window.open('', '_blank', 'top=10000');                var strHTML = $("#" + tableid).html();                winname.document.open('application/vnd.ms-excel', 'export excel');                winname.document.writeln(strHTML);                winname.document.execCommand('saveas', '', filename + '.xls');                winname.close();            } catch (e) {                alert(e.description);            }        }        //非IE浏览器导出Excel        var HtmlExportToExcelForEntire = (function () {            var uri = 'data:application/vnd.ms-excel;base64,',        template = '
     
     
      {table}
',        base64 = function (s) { return window.btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(s))) },        format = function (s, c) { return s.replace(/{(\w+)}/g, function (m, p) { return c[p]; }) }            return function (table, name,sheetName) {                if (!table.nodeType) { table = $("#" + table); }                var ctx = { worksheet: sheetName || 'Worksheet', table: table.html() };                document.getElementById("dlink").href = uri + base64(format(template, ctx));                document.getElementById("dlink").download = name + ".xls";                document.getElementById("dlink").click();            }        })()        function getExplorer() {            var explorer = window.navigator.userAgent;            //ie             if (explorer.indexOf("MSIE") >= 0) {                return 'ie';            }                //firefox             else if (explorer.indexOf("Firefox") >= 0) {                return 'Firefox';            }                //Chrome            else if (explorer.indexOf("Chrome") >= 0) {                return 'Chrome';            }                //Opera            else if (explorer.indexOf("Opera") >= 0) {                return 'Opera';            }                //Safari            else if (explorer.indexOf("Safari") >= 0) {                return 'Safari';            }        }

另外，由于生成的不是真正的Excel文件，只是把HTML转换为Excel的文件，会出现如下提示，用户体验不好。

二、利用后台方法将HTML导出为Excel

原理与第一种方法类似，也是将HTML代码导出为Excel，只是改用后台文件流方式，避免了浏览器兼容性问题。

由于也是HTML导出为Excel文件，也会出现文件扩展名不一致的提示。

思路是：点击导出按钮时，获取要导出内容的HTML代码，并放到Hidden控件中，利用Form Post提交方式传送到后台Action方法，在Action方法中构建Sheet页的Dictionary，key是SheetName，Value是Sheet的HTML代码，然后循环Dictionary生成多个Sheet页，并导出。

     
               @Html.Hidden("tbBMXXHTML")         @Html.Hidden("tbBMXXTitle")         @Html.Hidden("FileTitle")     
     
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                                            导出                                    

//导出Excel        function ExportExcel() {            var URL = '@Url.Action("GreenCarSummaryExport", "GreenCar", new { area = "GreenCar" })';            var FileTitle = $("#divTitle").text();            $("#FileTitle").val(FileTitle);            $("#tbBMXXHTML").val(encodeURI($("#tbBMXX").html()));            $("#tbBMXXTitle").val("已开展工作情况");            window.form1.action = URL;            window.form1.submit();        }

public void GreenCarSummaryExport(FormCollection collection)        {            string tbBMXXHTML = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(collection["tbBMXXHTML"]);            string tbBMXXTitle = collection["tbBMXXTitle"];            string FileTitle = collection["FileTitle"];            Dictionary
     
       dicSheet = new Dictionary
      
       ();            dicSheet.Add(tbBMXXTitle, tbBMXXHTML);            //把HTML转换为Excel            HTMLToExcelHelper.ExportHTMLToExcel(dicSheet, FileTitle);        }
      
     

/// 
        /// 导出HTML为Excel文件        /// 
        /// 导出内容：key是SheetName，Value是HTML代码        /// 文件名        public static void ExportHTMLToExcel(Dictionary
      
        dicSheet, string fileTitle)        {            StringBuilder sbBody = new StringBuilder();            StringBuilder sbSheet = new StringBuilder();            //定义Excel头部            sbBody.AppendFormat(                "MIME-Version: 1.0\r\n" +                "X-Document-Type: Workbook\r\n" +                "Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary=\"-=BOUNDARY_EXCEL\"\r\n\r\n" +                "---=BOUNDARY_EXCEL\r\n" +                "Content-Type: text/html; charset=\"gb2312\"\r\n\r\n" +                "\r\n\r\n" +                "\r\n" +                "
       
        \r\n" +                "
        
         \r\n" +                "
         
          \r\n");            //定义Sheet            foreach (KeyValuePair
          
            kv in dicSheet)            {                string gid = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();                sbBody.AppendFormat("
           
            \r\n" + "
            
             {0}
            \r\n" + "
            
             \r\n" + "
            
           \r\n"                    , kv.Key                    , gid);                sbSheet.AppendFormat(                     "---=BOUNDARY_EXCEL\r\n" +                     "Content-ID: {0}\r\n" +                     "Content-Type: text/html; charset=\"gb2312\"\r\n\r\n" +                     "\r\n\r\n" +                     "\r\n" +                     "
           
            \r\n" + "
            
             \r\n" + "
             
              False
             \r\n" + "
             
              False
             \r\n" + "
             
              False
             \r\n" + "
            \r\n" + "
           \r\n" +                     "\r\n" +                     "\r\n"                     , gid);                sbSheet.Append("
           
            "); sbSheet.Append(kv.Value); sbSheet.Append("
");                sbSheet.Append("\r\n" +                    "\r\n\r\n");            }            //定义Excel尾部            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(sbBody.ToString());            sb.Append("
          
         \r\n" +                "
        \r\n" +               "
       \r\n" +                "\r\n" +                "\r\n\r\n");            sb.Append(sbSheet.ToString());            sb.Append("---=BOUNDARY_EXCEL--");            //导出文件            HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear();            HttpContext.Current.Response.ClearContent();            HttpContext.Current.Response.ClearHeaders();            HttpContext.Current.Response.Buffer = true;            bool isFireFox = false;            if (HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["http_user_agent"].ToLower().IndexOf("firefox") != -1)            {                isFireFox = true;            }            if (isFireFox)            {                HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileTitle + ".xls");            }            else            {                HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(fileTitle)) + ".xls");            }            HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";            HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312");            HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(sb.ToString());            HttpContext.Current.Response.End();        }
      

三、利用第三方插件导出

比如利用NPOI，Aspose，ExcelReport等，需要从数据库重新获取数据并绑定